知识点1:现在分词作定语的前置与后置

A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. 人无笑脸，不要开店。
He’s a shining example of a hard-working pupil. 他是用功学生的优秀榜样。
She is a walking [living] dictionary in her field. 她在自己的业务范围内是一部活词典。
但是，有时也可见到单个的现在分词用作后置定语，但主要见于有较强的动作意义的情形时(接近一个定语从句时)。如：
Oh, it’s the cake burning. 噢，糕点烤焦了。[1]burn单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：联想方式：turn－burn打开煤气烧掉图表.◆记忆方法二：分析：“本”的谐音； 记忆方法：这个本子燃烧起来了。◆记忆方法三：联想方式：turn－burn记忆方法：打开煤气烧掉图表.

There were no soldiers drilling. 没有士兵在操练。
二、现在分词作定语的后置
如果是现在分词短语作定语，则只能放在所修饰的名词之后。如：
We can offer you a job cleaning cars. 我们可以给你一份擦洗汽车的工作。
The woman washing the dishes is my aunt. 洗盘子的那个妇女是我姑妈。
This information is freely available to anyone wishing to see it.想看这条信息的人可以随意看。[2]information单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：谐音：印发没审 不能印发没审过到的《通知》。◆记忆方法二：分析：in——在里面；for——为了；mation——“美神”的谐音； 记忆方法：我躲在里面是为了找关于美神的消息。◆记忆方法三：联想方式：in（里面）；form（表格）；ation～action（行动）记忆方法：包里的表格有这次行动的主要信息。◆记忆方法四：词根词缀记忆法：information

The company sent me a brochure containing (=which contained) all the information, needed. 公司寄给我一个小册子，包含了我需要的所有资料。
This was one of the experiments being carried out in the country. 这是国内正在进行的试验之一。
She recognized the potential for error in the method being used. 她意识到在所采用的方法中可能出错。
The gunman escaped on a motorcycle being ridden by an accomplice. 枪手乘坐一辆由同伙驾驶的摩托车逃跑了。



知识点2:关于现在分词短语being…用作后置定语

正：Anyone who is outside after ten o’clock will be arrested.
误：Anyone being outside after ten o’clock will be arrested.
谁要是迟到了，老板会向谁严厉地皱一下眉。
正：The owner gives a severe frown to anyone who is late.
误：The owner gives a severe frown to anyone being late.
他住在我们对面的那栋房子里。
正：He lives in the house which is opposite ours.
误：He lives in the house being opposite ours.
对一只狩猎的动物来说，好的视力是一种极为有用的品质。
正：Good eyesight is a quality which is extremely valuable for a hunting animal.
误：Good eyesight is a quality being extremely valuable for a hunting animal.



知识点3:现在分词完成式用作后置定语正误谈

正：The local MP has taken up the case of the family of six who have been left homeless. [3]have been,have,相关知识点

have been to / have been in / have gone toⅠ. have been to … 表示：“曾经到过某处”但目前人未在那儿。如：① Where have you been? 你到哪儿去了？（现在已回来）I have been to Beijing. 我去北京了。（现不在北京）② I have never been there before,

误：The local MP has taken up the case of the family of six having been left homeless.
有许多人挺过不幸且能够重建自己的生活。
正：There are many who have suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives.
误：There are many having suffered personal disasters but managed to rebuild their lives. [4]personal单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：联想方式：per（每）；son（儿子）personal=person+al记忆方法：每个儿子都是最亲近的人。◆记忆方法二：词根词缀记忆法：personal a 个人的（person人）,“al”表形容词，“…的”◆记忆方法三：personal (考频：17)a.①个人的，私人的：I have something personal to discuss with

最后，我想对所有那些为取得这个成果而努力工作的人们表示感谢。
正：In conclusion, I should like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result. [5]like to,like,相关知识点

在would you like…这一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接动名词。like的用法还要注意以下两点： ① He likes Tom. 为"他喜欢汤姆。"② He is like Tom. 为"他像汤姆。"第二句话的like为介词，而第一句话的like为动词。［误］ Would you like swimming with us?［正］ Would you like

误：In conclusion, I should like to thank all those having worked so hard to bring about this result.
这个组织旨在为所有失去养老金的人向政府游说。
正：The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people who have lost their pensions.
误：The organization has been set up to lobby the government on behalf of all the people having lost their pensions.



知识点4:现在分词作定语时的前置与后置

现在分词作定语时的前置与后置

1. 单个的现在分词作定语时，它总是位于被修饰的名词之前，说明被修饰名词的性质或特征等。如：
This is a very charming village. 这是一座迷人的村庄。
I learnt another astonishing fact. 我了解到另一个令人吃惊的事实。
She found herself in an embarrassing position. 她发现自己处于尴尬的地位。
偶尔也可见到单个的现在分词用作后置定语的情形，但主要见于有较强的动词意义时(接近一个定语从句时)：[6]从句,动词,相关知识点

在“动词+宾语+宾补”结构中,如果宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句,则常用it做形式宾语,而将实际的宾语移到补语后面去。如：I found the job rather difficult. (我发觉这个工作相当难做。)I found it rather difficult to do the job.

Oh, it’s the cake burning. 噢，糕点烤焦了。
There were no soldiers drilling. 没有士兵在操练。
2. 如果是现在分词短语作定语，则总是位于所修饰的名词之后。如：
There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座门通往花园。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。