知识点1:could + have + 过去分词
[1]could单词记忆法◆记忆方法一：联想方式：could－丑陋的这件事情的真相可能是丑陋的。◆记忆方法二：联想方式：could－丑陋的记忆方法：这件事情的真相可能是丑陋的。
I could have passed my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. 我本可以轻易通过考试，但我犯了太多不该犯的错误。
3. 表示未曾实现的可能性
即表示过去本来可能发生而实际上没有发生的情况，通常译为“本来可以”“本来可能”等：
She could have been seriously injured. 她本来可能伤得很重的。
It’s difficult enough, but it could have been worse. 这事情够困难的了，本来可能会更糟呢！
[2]difficult单词记忆法◆记忆方法一：联想方式：dif（地方）；ficu（废除）；lt（乐透）让所有地方废除乐透赌博是困难的。◆记忆方法二：分析：―地府告他‖的谐音； 记忆方法：想在地府里告他是很困难的◆记忆方法三：联想方式：dif（地方）；ficu（废除）；lt（乐透）记忆方法：让所有地方废除乐透赌博是困难的。◆记忆方法四：词根词缀记忆法：difficult困难的（dif+fic做＋ult→不
有时也可根据语境译为“好在没有”“差点”，尤其是当谈论的是“不好”的情况时。如：
She felt miserable. She could have cried. 她感到很痛苦，她差点哭了。
That was a had place to go skiing—you could have broken your leg. 那不是一个滑雪的好地方，好在你没有把腿给摔断。
Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? Somebody could have been hurt. 你为什么把瓶子扔出窗外呢? 好在没有砸伤人。
4. 表示未曾实现的想法
即表示过去本来有做某事的打算或意图，但实际上没有实现，通常译为“本来可以”。如：
I could have lent you the money. Why didn’t you ask me? 我本来可以借这笔钱给你的，你为什么不向我提出?
I could have given you some hints, but I suppose you thought yourself too grand. 我本可以给你点提示的，但是我认为你太自负了。
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知识点2:涉及“can (could)＋have＋过去分词”结构的一道考题
Where could he have gone on such a night? 在那样一个晚上他会到什么地方去了呢?
2) 表示过去没有实现的可能性(即某事本来可以发生，但却没有发生)，意为“本来可以……”：
You could have given her some help. 你本来可以给 她些帮助的。
[3]have单词记忆法◆记忆方法一：联想方式：ha（哈）；ve（唯一）哈，唯一的一个苹果我吃了。◆记忆方法二：联想方式：ha（哈）；ve（唯一）记忆方法：哈，唯一的一个苹果我吃了。◆记忆方法三：词根词缀记忆法：have v 有,hau=possess，表示“拥有”
3) 用来委婉地责备某人过去应该做某事而没有去做，意为“本来应该……”：
You could have come here a little earlier. 你本 来应该来早点的。
[4]a little,little,相关知识点each， either 其后都要加单数名词，而 both 后要加复数名词。 如： each， either， another， little， a little， much等作主语时，谓语动词全部要用单数形式。［误］ Both side is full of trees ［正］ Both sides are full of trees ［析］ each， either 其
4) 表示“差点儿就要”：
I could have died laughing. 我差点儿笑死了。
could相关单词意思与记忆法：
could单词意思解释释义：
aux. 可以, 能
could单词记忆法：
◆记忆方法一：
联想方式：could－丑陋的
这件事情的真相可能是丑陋的。
◆记忆方法二：
联想方式：could－丑陋的
记忆方法：这件事情的真相可能是丑陋的。
have相关单词意思与记忆法：
have单词意思解释释义：
vt. 有, 怀有, 拿, 进行aux. 已经相关词组: have it out with sb have on have only to...to... have sb down have sb in have sb up have sth back have sth in have sth out have sth about sb have a good time have at have done with... have had it have it all over sb have it in for sb Have you ever been to... have it on sb
have单词记忆法：
◆记忆方法一：
联想方式：ha（哈）；ve（唯一）
哈，唯一的一个苹果我吃了。
◆记忆方法二：
联想方式：ha（哈）；ve（唯一）
记忆方法：哈，唯一的一个苹果我吃了。
◆记忆方法三：
词根词缀记忆法：have v 有,hau=possess，表示“拥有”
could单词相关例句：
HAPPINESS——A lifetime of happiness ! No man alive could bear it ; it would be hell on earth .(G. Bernard Shaw ,British dramatist )终身幸福！这是任何活着的人都无法忍受的，那将是人间地狱。(英国剧作家 肖伯纳. G.)
To suppose, as we all suppose, that we could be rich and not behave as the rich behave, is like supposing that we could drink all day and keep absolute sober.——Logan Pearsall Smith, American weiter 如果以为我们变富后不会像有钱人那样行事，这无异地以为我们能终日豪饮，但又能保持头脑清醒。美国作家史密斯.L.P.
I intend no modification of my hope ...expressed personal wish that all men everywhere could be free.——Abraham Lincoln. American president 我无意改变时常表达的个人愿望： 愿天下所有的人都能自由。美国总统林肯. A
The crash of the whole solar and stellar systems could only kill you once.( T. Carlyle )—— 即使整个太阳系和星系崩溃，你也只死一次。（卡莱尔）
I didn't know that cats could sing.
我不知道猫儿还能唱歌。
I unfolded the map so I could see where I was.
我打开地图看自己在哪里。
I could hear the music from the loudspeakers.
我能从扬声器听到音乐。
Through the window I could see my beautiful garden.
透过这扇窗户我能看见我那美丽的花园。
I don't think I could climb that mountain.
我觉得我是攀不上这座山的。
I could hear the couple's quarrel from the other room.
我能听到从别的屋子传来的那对情侣的争吵声。
have单词相关例句：
It is no use doing what you like ; you have got to like what you do .——(Winston Churchill , British prime minister)不能爱哪行才干哪行，要干哪行爱哪行。 (美国首相 丘吉尔. W.)
We should put aside and postpone all other reforms; that we have but one task-----the istruction of the people, the diffusion of education, the ecourgement of science----on that day a great step will have then been taken in our rgenerion.Leon Gambetta, French educator——我 们应该把一切改革先放下。我们只有 一项任务，就是教育人民，普及知识、倡导科学。这一天到来之时，便是我们振国兴邦之日。法国教育 爱甘必大 L
To travel through the world it is necessary to have the mouth of hog, the legs of a stag, the eyes of a falcon, the ears of an ass, shoulders of a camel, and the face of an ape, and overplus, a satchel full of money and patience. 周游世界须有猪嘴巴，鹿的腿，鹰的双
The secret of being miserable is to have leisure to bother about whether you are happy or not .——George Bernard Shaw, British dramatist痛苦的秘密在于有闲功夫担心自己是否幸福。英国剧作家肖伯纳。G。
The secret of being miserable is to have leisure to bother about whether you are happy or not . (George Bernard Shaw , British dramatist )——痛苦的秘密在于有闲功夫担心自己是否幸福。 (英国剧作家 肖伯纳 . G .)
I have long since abandoned the notion that higher education is essential to either success or happiness. Hot houses of learning do not always grow anything edible.Robert Moses, American state govenment officer——我早已抛弃了这种观念：高等教育是通往成功或者幸福的必由之路。知识的“温室”并不总能生长可供食物用的粮食。美国州政府官员 摩西 R
The world can be changed by man's endeavor, and that this endeavor can lead to something new and better .No man can sever the bonds that unite him to his society simply by averting his eyes . He must ever be receptive and sensitive to the new ; and have sufficient courage and skill to novel facts and to deal with them . (Franklin Roosevelt , American President )——人经过努力可以改变世界，这种努力可以使人类达到新的、更美好的境界。没有人仅凭闭目、不看社会现实就能割断自己与社会的联系。他必须敏感，随时准备接受新鲜事物；他必须有勇气与能力去面对新的事实，解决新问题。(美国总统 罗斯福建. F.)
How sharper than a serpent's tooth it is to have a thankless child. 逆子无情甚于蛇蝎.
How sharper than a serpent's tooth is to have a thankless child.——William Shakespeare, British dramatist 逆子无情甚于蛇蝎。英国剧作家 莎士比亚W.
To make your life a sound structrure that will serve others and fulfil your own potential, you have to remember that strength, however massive , can't endure unless it has the interlocking supprt of others. Go it alone and you'll inevitably tumble.——Zichler Edward, Admerican writer 要使你的生活成为有益于他人同时又能发挥你自己的潜力的牢固的建筑，你必须记住，除非与他人的支持联系在一起，否则无论多么大的力量都难以持久，单枪匹马必将一事无成。美国作家 爱德华.Z.
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