知识点1:be 动词的过去时

两天前你没到校(缺席)。
There were some books there.
那儿曾经有一些书。
注意
There is(are)的句型用于一般过去时需把is,are变为它们的过去式:There was (were)….
[1]were单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:We+re热我过去怕热◆记忆方法二:联想方式:We+re热记忆方法:我过去怕热
2) be动词过去时的否定句He was not in Canada last year.
他去年不在加拿大。
be动词过去时的否定句的结构和现在时一样,只要在be动词过去式(was,were)后面加上not就可以了。否定式的was not,were not大多使用缩写形式wasn't(读作>&LQC)和weren't(读作V+:QC)
I wasn't busy the other day.
前几天我不忙。
There weren't any boys in the room.
[2]room单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:roo(200)+m(米)200米宽的房间。◆记忆方法二:联想方式:roo(200)+m(米)记忆方法:200米宽的房间。
教室里一个男孩儿也没有。
3 be动词过去时的疑问句(一般疑问句和特殊疑问句)
[3]一般疑问句,疑问句,相关知识点一般疑问句: 用“yes”或“no”来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。Does she study hard?(她学习努力吗?)Did you go there yesterday?(昨天你去那儿了吗?)2)一般疑问句的回答:一般疑问句通常用简略形式来回答。如:Will you join us in playing basketball?(你加入我们打篮球好吗?)—Yes, we
Was it raining in Beijing yesterday?
No,it wasn' t. It was cloudy.
昨天北京下雨了吗?不,没下雨。昨天北京阴天。
Where were you yesterday morning?I was at school.
[4]yesterday单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:yes—是ter—特热day—天昨天是特热的一天。◆记忆方法二:联想方式:yes—是ter—特热day—天记忆方法:昨天是特热的一天。
你昨天上午去哪儿了?我在学校。
be动词过去时一般疑问句的结构和一般现在时一样,只要把be动词的过去式was,were调到主语前面即可。Was(Were)+ 主语~?回答时,需用yes,was(were)。或No,…wasn't(weren't)。
注意
以疑问词开始的特殊疑问句,回答时,不能用Yes,No直接回答所问的问题即可。
Was your father free this morning?
今天上午你爸爸有空吗?
Yes,he was.是的,他有空。
No, he wasn't.不,他没空。
Was there any water in the bottle?
瓶子里有过水吗?
Yes,there was.是的,曾经有过。
No,there wasn't 不,没有过。
比较
be动词的现在时和过去时句型,以he为主语:
句型 时态 一般现在时 一般过去时 肯定句 He is ~. He was ~. 否定句 He isn't ~. He wasn't~. 一般疑问句 Is he ~? Was he ~? 特殊疑问句 疑问句+Is he ~? 疑问词+Was he ~?
[5]句型,时态,相关知识点already通常连用的句型与时态He was already balding at the age of 25. 他25岁就秃顶了。The furniture is already showing signs of wear. 家具已经有磨损的迹象了。(2) 一般现在时或一般过去时(动词通常为静态动词或状语动词)。如:It’s already late. 已经迟了。This
知识点2:第三人称单数动词末尾s的不规则发音:do/have/be/say
除三个基本动词be, have和do之外,具有不规则的第三人称单数形式的动词只有say/sei/ – says/sez/,和do的派生词, 例如: outdo- outdoes, overdo – overdoes。Say的第三人成单数形式的读法是不规则的,但是拼写是规则的。
Gainsay在历史上是Say的一个派生词,它的第三人称单数形式的读法可以是规则的(/-seiz/),也可以是不规则的/-sez/,在一些英语的变体(例如南非英语和美国英语的许多变体)中,第三人称单数形式的成音节词尾形式的读法是/əz/,而不是/iz/。
成音节是指音标中一个辅音字母加上一个/m/或/n/或/l/,构成成音节,例如candle中的/-dl/。
知识点3:哪些动词后面可以接there to be结构
哪些动词后面可以接there to be结构
英语中能接there to be结构的动词不多,比较常见的有believe, cause, consider, expect, hate, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, understand, want, wish等。如:
I didn’t expect there to be such a crowd. 我没想到会那么大一群人。
Students hate there to be too much homework.学生讨厌做太多的家庭作业。
[6]too much,much,相关知识点"much too+形容词",而"too much+不可数名词"。[误] There is much too noise.[正] There is too much noise.[析] "much too+形容词",而"too much+不可数名词"。
We’d prefer there to be an adult in charge.我们宁愿有个成年人来负责。
We understood there to be money available. 我们认为有钱可用。
We don’t want there to be any misunderstandings.我们不希望有任何误解。
You wouldn’t like there to be another war, would you? 你不会愿意再有一次战争吧,是吗?
The tree caused there to be a long shadow on the grass. 那棵树在草地上投下长长的影子。
注:动词let也可以用以上结构,但不定式不带to,即用let there be这样的形式。如:
Let there be no mistake about it. 不要对此有任何误解。
知识点4:there be句式中动词be的变体
there be句式中动词be的变体
有时可将there be中的动词be 换为 live, remain, seem, appear, exist, stand, lie, come等:
Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Joe Beef. 从前有个人名叫乔·比夫。
There seems [appears] something the matter with her. 她好像是出了什么事似的。
[7]matter,with,相关知识点What‘s wrong (the matter)with…? ……怎么了? What‘s wrong with you, Madam? 夫人,您怎么了? You look worried. What‘s wrong with you? 你看上去很焦急,出什么事了?