知识点1:动词的语态

--> I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).
We saw him play football on the playground.
--> He was seen to play football on the playground.
[1]playground单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:play(运动)+ground(地方)合成词,运动( play) 的地方(ground )一般指运动场(playground)。◆记忆方法二:分析:play——玩;ground——地面。 记忆:能够玩耍的地面就叫做操场。◆记忆方法三:联想方式:play(运动)+ground(地方)记忆方法:合成词,运动( play) 的地方(ground )一般指
2)情态动词+ be +过去分词,构成被动语态。
知识点2:need等动词后接不定式或动名词均可,但语态不同
[2]不定式,动名词,相关知识点look forward to词组中的to是介词,所以其后要加名词或动名词,不能接不定式。[1]名词,介词,相关知识点“out of +名词”类介词习语归纳They’re still following us; we’re not out of danger yet. 他们仍然跟着,我们还没脱险。out of date 过时,已经不能用Will denim jeans ever

a. The house requires painting.
b. The house requires to be painted.
但是在其他情况下,则用主动式或被动式不能随便:
这部电影值得看两遍。
正:The film is worth seeing twice.
误:The film is worth to be seen twice.
误:The film is worth being seen twice.
这本书很难理解。
正:The book is difficult to understand.
[3]understand单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:stand水潭底下站着一个人;under+stand 内心里面支持-理解◆记忆方法二:联想方式:stand记忆方法:水潭底下站着一个人;under+stand 内心里面支持-理解
误:The book is difficult to be understood.
知识点3:动词的语态

2.一些特殊的被动语态结构:
1)带情态动词的被动结构:
The problem must be solved soon.
2)带不定式的被动结构:
The room is going to be painted.
The homework needs to be done with care.
3)短语动词的被动结构:
例l)The baby is looked after carefully.
用于这类被动结构的短语动词要把它们作为整体看待,即要把它们看作单字及物动词。这类结构有以下几种:
a)(不及物)动词+介词:agree to,ask for,call for,laugh at,listen to,look after,operate on,send for,talk about.think of等。
b)(及物)动词+副词:bring about,carry out,find out,give up,
hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, take up, think over,turn down,turn out,wipe out,work out等。
c)动词+副词+介词:do away with,face up to,give in to,look down upon, make up for, put up with等。
[4]make up for,make up,相关知识点make up是"创造"、"编织",而make up for是"弥补……的不足之处"。上句应译为"勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足。"[1]make单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:make-马渴马渴促使他牵马去河边饮水。◆记忆方法二:联想方式:make-马渴记忆方法:马渴促使他牵马去河边饮水。查看详情>>[误] Hard work can often make up a lack
例2)They will be taken (good) care of.
Attention must be paid to your pronunciation.
用于这类被动结构的短语动词最多见的是“动词+名词+介词”这一结构。如:catch sight of,keep an eye on,make use of,make a fool of,pay attention to, put an end to,set fire / light to, take care of, take hold of,take notice of等。
[5]名词,介词,相关知识点“out of +名词”类介词习语归纳They’re still following us; we’re not out of danger yet. 他们仍然跟着,我们还没脱险。out of date 过时,已经不能用Will denim jeans ever go out of date? 粗布牛仔裤会过时吗?I must renew my passport. It’s o

必须指出…… It must be pointed out that…
众所周知…… It is well known that…
有人会说…… It will be said that…
[6]said单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:s(美女)ai(爱)d(敌人)
大家认为…… It is generally considered that…
有人相信…… It is believed that…
3.表示被动含义的主动动词
1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有look, taste, sound, smell, prove, feel等, 例如:
Your reason sounds reasonable.Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
2)一些与can’t或won’t连用的动词。 常用的有: lock, shut, open, act等, 例如:
The door won’t open. It can’t move.
3)一些与well, easily, perfectly等连用的动词, 如: sell, wash, clean, burn, cook等, 例如:
The book sells well.These clothes wash easily.
4)用在 “主语 + 不及物动词 + 主语补语” 句型中的一些不及物动词, 例如:
This material has worn thin.The dust has blown into the house.
4.表示被动含义的主动结构
1)在动名词结构中
[7]动名词,名词,相关知识点without其后接动名词或名词而不接从句。[1]without单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:with一起;out出去本来在一起的都出去了-没有◆记忆方法二:联想方式:with一起;out出去记忆方法:本来在一起的都出去了-没有查看详情>>[误] I can't do this work well without you help me.[2]work,this,相关知识点