1. include 的用法
表示“包括”“包括……在内”，是及物动词。如：
Does the price include breakfast, or not? 这定价包括不包括早餐?
Clearly she no longer included her among her friends. 显然她不再把她看作朋友。
后接动词，通常用动名词。如：
Your duties include checking the post and distributing it. 你的职责是检查和发送邮件。
Your responsibilities will include making appointments on my behalf. 你的职责包括为我安排预约。
2. included 与including
比较以下句子，用现在分词including，其后要接宾语，其实此时它可视为介词；用过去分词included，要放在所修饰的词语之后，表示被动关系
单词：including的近义词、反义词、形近词辨析
contain/container/content/include/including/exclude/conclude/conclusion/enclose/enclosure
记忆：
1．词根tain 表示保持 contain [ kEn5tein] con-tain vt.包含, 容纳, 容忍 The box is too small to contain them all.
1． container [ kEn5teinE ] n. 容器 It’s said some boy has an extraordinary ability to tell what’s in the container without taking a look. 据说有个男孩有种超常的能力，他可以不用看就知道容器里装有什么。
1. content [ kEn5tent ] n. 内容, 容量, 目录, 满足 adj. 满足的, 满意的, 愿意 I’m not so content with the contents of his writing. 我对他写的内容不是很满意。
2. detain [ di5tein] de-tain v. 拘留, 留住, 阻止 The police detained him for a whole day. 警察把他拘留了一整天。
3. retain [ ri5tein] re-tain To keep or hold in a particular place, condition, or position vt.保持, 保留 He will do what he can to retain his post in the company.他将尽力保持他在公司的地位。
4. certain [ 5sE:tEn ] cer-tain adj. 一定的 Our victory is certain. 我们肯定会胜。
5. 词根clos, clud, 含义是“闭合”include [ in5 klu:d ] vt. 关在里面，包括（作为一个组成部分） His new book includes his experiences in Iraq.他的新书包含有他在伊拉克的经历。
6. including [ in5 klu:di ] prep. 包括 Everyone can go to the cinema, including the visiting travelers.每个人都可以去电影院，包括来访的游客。
7. 前缀ex-表示“外”exclude [ iks5klu:d] ex-clude v. 关在外面，排除 No child should be excluded from the classroom. 不能把任何孩子排除在教室之外。
10. conclude [ kEn5klu:d ] con-clude v. 最后关了，下结论 They concluded that the war was wrong . 他们得出结论，这场战争是错误的。
11. conclusion [ kEn5klu:VEn ] n. 结论 We can’t draw any conclusion in a hurry.我们不能匆匆下结论。
12. enclose [ in5klEuz ] vt. 放入封套, 围绕 The fence encloses his house.那栅栏围绕着他的房子。
13. enclosure [ in5klEuVE ] n. 围住, 围栏 The dogs are not allowed to go out of the enclosure.狗是不许离开围栏的。
另类阅读：
They drew a conclusion that everyone, including the experts, was content with the container they designed to contain the nuclear waste which should be excluded from cities.
与单词：including 相关的例句或者名人名言
I will put everything I have, including money parked in Austria, into this.
我会把全部家当投在这上面，包括放在奥地利的钱。
Besides, many other countries including the U.S. have benefited from his work.
除此之外，包括美国在内的很多国家也从中受益。
She can not let anyone know, including the clandestine manufacture of men.
她不能让任何人知道，包括制造秘密的男人。
Paris has some fantastic sights, including the Eiffel Tower and Notre Dame Cathedral.
巴黎有一些精彩的景点，包括艾菲尔铁塔和巴黎圣母院。
※Business underlies everything in our national life, including our spiritual life, Witness the fact that in the Lord's prayer the first petition is for daily bread, No one can worship God or love his neighbor on an empty stoach.Woodrow Wilson. American President生活包括精神生活的基础。不容置疑的事实是，在主祷文中向上帝祈求的第一件事是让我们天天有面包。没有人能饿着肚子敬奉上帝或热爱他的邻居。 美国总统 威尔逊 W.
