由于差错

• by mistake是"错拿了"、"误拿了"你的东西。wrong意为"错误"，而by mistake为"弄混了"。如：
  
  ［误］ I took your pen by wrong.
  
  ［正］ I took your pen by mistake.
  
  ［析］ by mistake是"错拿了"、"误拿了"你的东西。wrong意为"错误"，而by mistake为"弄混了"。如：

by mistake/make a mistake/mistake for
记忆：
1. mistake [ mis5teik ] 前缀mis-表示“错误地”，mistake n. 错误, 过失 v. 弄错 I’m afraid you made a mistake there.恐怕你搞错了。 by mistake 出于差错 make a mistake 犯错 mistake for 把...误认为
2. mistaken [ mis5teikEn ] adj. 犯错的, 错误的 You are completely mistaken.你完全错了。
3. error [ 5erE] n. 错误, 过失, 误差 Even a tiny error should be corrected.哪怕一个小失误也应该纠正。
4. wrong [ rCN] adj. 错误的, 不正当的 As he took the wrong turn, he had to spend more time on the way.由于转错了弯，他不得不在路上多花了些时间。 be wrong with sth do wrong to sb
5. incorrect [ 7inkE5rekt ] adj. 不正确的，不准确的 The figure is incorrect. You have to work on it again.数字不正确。你得重算。
6. false [ fC:ls ] adj. 错误的, 虚伪的, 假的 Sometimes it’s hard to tell true or false. 有些很难判断正确还是错误。
7. fault [ fC:lt ] n. 过错, 缺点 It’s my fault.是我的错。 The miss of the train is my fault. Otherwise, we could be heading for Shanghai now. 因为我的错，大家错过了火车。要不然，我们现在正往上海而去了。
8. misunderstand [ 5misQndE5stAnd ] v. 误解 You misunderstood me there. 你误会我了。
9. misread [ mis5ri:d] v. 误读 Misreading the message, I waited outside two hours in vain. 我误读了短信，在外面白等了两个小时。
另类阅读：
It’s my fault for I made the mistake/error. I am mistaken/wrong. I mistook it for a passage I had ever read before. I misread the passage and misunderstood it. So my answer was incorrect/false. However, I did it by mistake instead of on purpose.