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表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法

知识点1:表示上下方位的介词

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法over,笼罩,遍及全面
3. below, under, beneath皆可表示在…之下。below表示非垂直并不与表面接触的下方;under表示垂直并不与表面接触的下方;beneath表示在某物之下,几乎接触或接近。
There is a lake below the mountain.
此山下有个湖。
below,在…之下(非垂直)[1]below单词记忆法
◆记忆方法一:联想方式:be;low be+low◆记忆方法二:联想方式:be;low记忆方法: be+low

I want to have a rest under the tree.
我想在树下休息一会儿。
under表示(垂直)在…之下
I found an ant beneath the rock.
我在岩石下找到了一只蚂蚁。
beneath,在…之下(几乎接触)[2]beneath单词记忆法
◆记忆方法一:联想方式:ben-(本);eath-earth(地的)记忆方法: 本子埋在地的下面。◆记忆方法二:词根词缀记忆法:beneath在下面(be+neath下面),“be-”构成一些介词

4. 总结:above(在…上)与below(在…下)在意义上是相对的,相同点是,两者都表示物体位置上或下不垂直的关系; over(在…上)与under(在…下)在意义上是相对的,相同点是,两者都表示物体位置上或下垂直的关系。


知识点2:时间介词at、on、in

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法How could you be so forgetful at the age of ten?[3]forgetful单词记忆法
◆记忆方法一:词根词缀记忆法:forgetful a 易忘的(forget忘记),“ful”表形容词,“有…的”

你才十岁怎么就这么健忘?
二.
on表示某日或和某日连用的某一时间段,如:
on Monday(在星期一), on Friday afternoon(在星期五下午), on the morning of August the eighth(在八月八日早晨), on Christmas Day(在圣诞节,指在当天)。
You were late on Monday last week.
你上星期一就晚了。
You mean I was late on May the fifteenth?
你是说我五月十五日晚了?
三.
in表示年、月、季节、世纪、时代,与定冠词连用表示一天中某个时间段,如:
in 1996(在1996年), in May(在五月), in spring(在春季), in the 20th century(在二十世纪), in the eighties(在八十年代), in modern times(在现代), in the night(在晚上)。
Sorry, I am late, the first time in May.
对不起,我晚了,五月份第一次晚。
I got up at six in the morning.
我早上六点钟起床。


知识点3:表示运动方向的介词

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法这男孩用力踢球,球飞过草地。
The train moved fast through the tunnel. 火车飞驶隧道。
(5)The train moved fast through the tunnel. 火车飞驶隧道。
She walked to the bank 她步行到银行去
She swam towards the shore 她朝岸边游去。


知识点4:介词of用法大全

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法
3. of接间接宾语
request sth. of sb. expect sth. of sb. require sth. of sb.
ask a question of sb. be fearful of mistakes be jealous of wealthy persons be reminiscent of his past be patient of
the enormous noise be guilty of robbery be innocent of robbery

4. of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等
He is of Irish descend (ascent)
People of obscure origin (humble /noble)
Man of keen perception a man of moral integrity

5. 固定词组
-say of, tale of, hear of, think of, learn of, savor of[4]hear of,hear,相关知识点
hear/ hear of/ hear from[1]from单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:fr:夫人;om:奥妙从夫人家里找到了奥妙洗衣服。◆记忆方法二:联想方式:fr:夫人;om:奥妙记忆方法:从夫人家里找到了奥妙洗衣服。查看详情>>Ⅰ. hear “听见”指听力,强调听的结果。如:① I often hear Lucy sing in the next room.[

The room smells of stale cabbage.
-brag of his achievements. Boast of his children
beware of pickpockets approve of the program
doubt of success complain of poor management
-be sure of be suspicious of be aware of
be confident of be proud of be ashamed of
be afraid of be capable of be lack of
be critical of be shortly of be conscious of
be ignorant of be wary of be cautious og
be appreciative of your advice
-regardless of , irrespective of ,不管….无视
in favor of
decide on three most popular leisure
activities irrespective of age


知识点5:受汉语影响误加介词的典型例句

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法误:To marry with / to a woman for her beauty is like buying a house for its paint.
正:To marry a woman for her beauty is like buying a house for its paint.
4. 我怎么与你联系?
误:How can contact with you?
正:How can contact you?
5. 我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。
误:We should serve for the people heart and soul.
正:We should serve the people heart and soul.
6. 谁管理这个工厂?
误:Who controls over the factory?
正:Who controls the factory?
7. 他在这儿有很多朋友。
误:He has a great many of friends here.
正:He has a great many friends here.



知识点6:受汉语影响漏用介词的典型例句

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法正:My mother still regards me as a child.
6. 他们坚持要派车来接我们。
误:They insisted sending a car over to fetch us.
正:They insisted on sending a car over to fetch us.
7. 他的话值得一听。
误:What he says is worth listening.
正:What he said is worth listening to.
8. 这事很难处理。
误:This matter is difficult to deal.
正:This matter is difficult to deal with.
9. 他不是个可靠的人。
误:He is not a man to be depended.
正:He is not a man to be depended on.



知识点7:省略介词的七种情形

表示上下方位的介词,时间介词at、on、in,介词of用法大全-介词用法We quite envy you (for) your success. 我们十分羡慕你的成功。
Please forgive me (for) my fault. 请原谅我的过错。
3. 介词at的省略
what time前的介词at通常可以省略:
What time did he leave here? 他是什么时候离开这儿的?
另外,在“about [around]+时间名词”前的介词at也通常省略:
He arrived (at) about ten o’clock. 他大约(在)10点钟到的。
at home 这一短语中的介词at在美国英语中通常省略:
Let’s stay (at) home this evening. 今晚我们就呆在家里吧。
4. 介词of的省略
all of, both of, half of 用于带限定词(如my, the, these等)的名词前时,其中的介词of通常可以省略:[5]half,名词,相关知识点
"half of+名词"这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致,如为不可数名词或可数名词单数,要用单数谓语动词;而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词。[误] Half of the six apples is red.[正] Half of the six apples are red.[析] "half of+名词"这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致,

All (of) the students have passed the exam. 所有的学生都考及格了。
Both (of) my parents are interested in history. 我的父母都对历史感兴趣。
Half (of) the milk had been drunk. 有一半牛奶已被喝了。
【注】若用于人称代词前,则其中的of不可省略:
All (Both, Half) of us wanted to leave. 我们大家(俩,有一半人)都想走。
5. 介词from的省略
在 prevent [stop]…from doing sth(阻止…发生),save…(from) doing sth(免去…做某事)等结构中的介词from通常可以省略:
The heavy rain prevented him (from) coming. 大雨使他不能来。[6]heavy rain,rain,相关知识点
大雨在英语中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.[1]heavy单词记忆法◆记忆方法一:联想方式:he(他)+a(一个)+v(漏斗)+y(为什么)他在想那一个漏斗为什么那么重。◆记忆方法二:谐音:海味 吃山珍海味,人会变重的。◆记忆方法三:联想方式:he(他)+a(一个)+v(漏斗)+y(为什么)记忆方法:他在想那一个漏斗为什么那么重。查看详情>>[误

If I can stop them (from) going there, I’ll do it. 要是我能够阻止他们去那里,我会这样做的。
If you do it tonight, it will save you (from) having to get up early. 你如果今晚做这事,明天早上你就不必早起了。
【注】在被动语态中from通常不宜省略。另外,在表示类似含义的prohibit…from doing sth 中的from习惯上不省略,而在与此同义的keep…from doing sth中,from则绝不可省略,否则含义不同:
He kept me from working. 他不让我工作。
He kept me working. 他要我不停地工作。

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