知识点1:独立主格结构作伴随状语例句
独立主格结构作伴随状语（或补充说明）例句：
I took my ticket，and marched proudly up the platform，with my cheeses，the people falling back respectfully on either side．
我拿着车票还有我的奶酪，雄赳赳气昂昂地跨步走向月台。人们似乎很尊敬我，纷纷向两边退去。
Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.
十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。
知识点2:独立主格结构作原因状语例句
独立主格结构作原因状语例句：
The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.
由那个男孩带路，我们很容易就找到了那奇怪的洞。
There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.
没有别的事可讨论，我们都回家了。
知识点3:独立主格结构作条件状语例句
独立主格结构作条件状语例句：
Weather permitting，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow．
如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨郊游。
Such being the case，you have no grounds for dismissing him．
如果情况如此的话，你没有理由解聘他。
知识点4:独立主格结构作时间状语例句
独立主格结构作时间状语例句：
My shoes removed，I entered a low-ceilinged room，treading cautiously on the soft tatami matting．
我脱掉鞋子后，走进一间屋顶很低的房间，小心翼翼地踩在柔软的塌塌米垫子上。
The governor pondering the matter，more strikers gathered across his path．
总督思考问题时，更多的罢工工人聚集在他要通过的路上。
知识点5:独立主格结构定义、用法、构成详解[1]独立主格,用法,相关知识点

With的基本用法与独立主格A glass of apple juice, two glasses of coke, two hamburgers with potato chips, rice and fish.3. 和…… (某人)一起。a. 跟某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交谈……) 。如：Now I am in Ch

Book in hand，the teacher entered the classroom.
老师手里拿了一本书走进了教室
He walked out of the room，face red with anger[2]anger单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：联想方式：ang（窒息）；er（名词后缀） 记忆方法：让人感到窒息→愤怒。

他走出房间，气得脸通红
独立主格结构的用法
（1）用作时间状语
My work having been finished，I went home. 我干完工作后就回家了
The meeting over，they left the hall. 会议结束之后，他们离开了大厅
（2）用作原因状语
My watch having been lost，I didn't know what time is was.[3]know,what,相关知识点

how 是关联副词，要注意与关联代词的不同用法。如：I want to know what to do.［误］ I want to know how to do.［正］ I want to know how to do it.［析］ how 是关联副词，要注意与关联代词的不同用法。如：I want to know what to do.

我的表丢了，我不知道现在是几点
There being no bus，we had to walk home
没有公共汽车，我们只好走好回家
（3）用作条件状语
Time permitting，I shall go to the cinema with you.[4]cinema单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：联想方式：ci此；n门；e鹅；ma吗电影院此门鹅可以进里面吗？◆记忆方法二：谐音：戏内幕 戏内幕看完电影才知道。◆记忆方法三：分析： ―是你吗‖ 的谐音； 记忆方法：我在电影院里看到的那个人是你吗？◆记忆方法四：联想方式：ci此；n门；e鹅；ma吗记忆方法：电影院此门鹅可以进里面吗？

如果时间允许，我就和你去看电影
Weather permitting，we shall go outing.
如果天气许可，我们就去郊游
（4）描述伴随行为或补充说明
Mary entered the room，with a big apple in hand.
玛丽手里拿着一个大苹果走进了房间
He was doing his homework，his father sitting aside.
他在正做家庭作业，父亲坐在旁边

知识点6:英语独立主格结构的用法
独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，相当于一个状语从句或并列句。[5]状语从句,谓语,相关知识点

带有until状语从句的主句谓语有何特点正：We didn’t stop until he came. 直到他来我们才 停止。误：We started until the rain stopped. 正：We didn’t start until the rain stopped. 直到 雨停我们才开始。误：He finished it until it was dark. 正

1. 用作时间状语
The work done (=After the work had been done), we went home. 工作完成后，我们就回家了。
2. 用作条件状语
Weather permitting (=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。
3. 用作原因状语
An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。
4. 用作伴随状语
He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上，两手交叉枕在脑后。
5. 表示补充说明
A hunter came in, his face red with cold (=and his face was red with cold). 一个猎人走了进来，他的脸冻得通红。
We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一个人干两个人的活。[6]effort单词记忆法

◆记忆方法一：联想方式：ef[拼音]姨夫，for为了，t[形似]伞姨夫为了伞而努力。◆记忆方法二：谐音：俺罚他 俺罚他不努力工作。◆记忆方法三：联想方式：ef[拼音]姨夫，for为了，t[形似]伞记忆方法：姨夫为了伞而努力。◆记忆方法四：词根词缀记忆法：effort n 努力，奋发（ef出＋fort→出力→努力）,fore,fort=storng,表示“强大，力量”

注：独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末;表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。
知识点7:独立主格结构考题小练(有详解)
A. was; givenB. was; to give C. being; given D. being; to give
6. The soldier rushed into the cave, his right hand ________ a gun and his face ________ with sweat.
A held; coveredB. holding; coveringC. holding; coveredD. held; covering
7. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair _________.
A. flowed in the breezeB. was flowing in the breeze
C. were flowing in the breezeD. flowing in the breeze
8. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _________ for the day.
A. finishingB. finishedC. had finishedD. were finished
9. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking.[7]a lot of,a lot,相关知识点

lot, lots, a lot, a lot of, lots of等的用法(4) 用作状语。一是用于修饰比较级，二是用于修饰动词：①修饰比较级，相当于much，意为“……得多”。如：It’s a lot colder today than it was yesterday. 今天比昨天冷得多。Houses are a lot more expensive these day